What is Nutrient Neutrality
Nutrient neutrality is a concept used to describe the balance of nutrients in a particular system. In the context of water bodies, "nutrient neutrality" means that the levels of nutrients in the water are balanced, so there is neither too much nor too little of any one nutrient. Nitrogen and phosphorus, which are needed for plants and algae to grow in water, are the two crucial nutrients to worry about.
In a water system that is nutrient-neutral, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus is in line with what the aquatic ecosystem needs. This means that there are not too many of these nutrients, which can cause algae and other water plants to overgrow. This is called "eutrophication." Eutrophication can lead to several problems in the environment, such as the loss of oxygen in the water, the death of fish and other aquatic life, and the growth of harmful algal blooms.
While on the other hand, nutrient-neutral water also means that the levels of nitrogen and phosphorus remain sufficiently low. This is because too little nitrogen and phosphorus can make it hard for aquatic plants to grow and reduce the ecosystem's productivity. Maintaining nutrient neutrality in water bodies is therefore essential for ensuring the health and longevity of aquatic ecosystems.
Dangers of high level of nutrients in water
Nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus are very important for the growth of aquatic plants and algae in aquatic systems. But when there are too many of these nutrients in the water, they can start a process called eutrophication.
Eutrophication happens when there are too many nutrients in the water, which makes algae and other water plants grow too much. These organisms can grow quickly and form thick mats on the surface of the water, which block out sunlight and make it harder for other aquatic life to get oxygen.
As algae and plants die and break down, they use up oxygen. This makes the water even less oxygenated. This can make it hard for fish and other aquatic animals to live, and in the worst cases, it can cause large numbers of aquatic animals to die.
In addition to being bad for aquatic life, eutrophication can also hurt the economy. For example, harmful algal blooms can make people and pets sick and cause beaches and other places to be closed. Eutrophication can also make waterfront properties less valuable and hurt tourism and other businesses that depend on healthy aquatic ecosystems.
Dangers of low level of nutrients in water
On the other hand, if there aren't enough nutrients in the water, aquatic plants, and algae, which are the core of the aquatic food chain, won't grow as well. This can make the ecosystem less productive and, in the long run, less healthy and diverse.
So, keeping water bodies free of nutrients is very important for a healthy and long-lasting aquatic ecosystem. This can be done by carefully managing nutrient inputs like agricultural runoff and sewage, as well as by practising activities like restoring wetlands and using technology in wastewater treatment plants to remove nutrients.